Сћрґрѕрісѓрєр°сџ Р±р°сђр°рѕрѕрі Рір°рѕсћс€рєрёрѕр° 7 Рєр»р°сѓсѓ Рєрѕрѕсѓрїрµрєс‚ Рїр°сђр°рісђр°с„р° 14 ❲FRESH❳

This treaty ended the war and laid the foundation for modern international relations:

: The struggle between Catholics and Protestants (Reformation vs. Counter-Reformation) became a central driver of European politics. This treaty ended the war and laid the

: France and Sweden gained significant lands; the independence of the Netherlands and Switzerland was officially recognized. This treaty ended the war and laid the

: The war was devastating for Germany, which lost up to one-third of its population due to combat, famine, and disease. III. The Peace of Westphalia (1648) This treaty ended the war and laid the

The Ottoman Empire (Turkey) reached its peak under Suleiman the Magnificent but began to struggle against European coalitions like the "Holy League."