It arises from the left side of the superior mesenteric artery .
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Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis: Ileocolic Artery - StatPearls - NCBI
From the last arcade, small, straight vessels called vasa recta extend directly into the intestinal wall to provide localized blood flow.
The ileal artery is part of an intricate network that includes the (supplying the distal ileum and cecum) and the marginal artery of Drummond , which provides collateral circulation between the SMA and the inferior mesenteric artery. This redundancy is critical for protecting the bowel against ischemia (lack of blood flow) if one branch becomes blocked.
