If the corruption is caused by bad sectors on your SD card or drive, running the CHKDSK command can sometimes fix the underlying storage issue.
Some tools act like hex editors with a live preview. They allow you to remove corrupted binary "markers" that cause decoders to stop reading the file halfway through (resulting in the infamous half-grey photo ). Popular Repair Tools Professional Software Stellar Repair for Photo Corrupt Jpeg Repair ware
Difficult cases involving bit-flips or header damage; requires a reference file. JPEG Repair Shop If the corruption is caused by bad sectors
The most common form of corruption occurs in the file header (the "roadmap" that tells software how to read the file). Advanced tools like the JPEG-Repair Toolkit use a reference file —a healthy photo taken with the same camera and settings—to transplant a working header onto the damaged file. Corrupt Jpeg Repair ware
Batch repairs, easy interface, and advanced severe corruption fixes. JPEG-Repair Toolkit