1721 (after the Treaty of Nystad). New Capital: St. Petersburg (founded 1703). The Table of Ranks: 14 ranks of civil and military service.
At the turn of the 18th century, Russia stood at a crossroads. While Western Europe had undergone the Renaissance and was entering the Age of Enlightenment, Russia remained largely isolated, bound by traditional Muscovite customs and a lack of modern industry. According to the historical narrative established by , the ascension of Peter I (the Great) marked a radical departure from the past, aiming to transform Russia into a leading European power through forced modernization. II. The Rationale for Reform gdz po istorii danilov kosulina
Below is a structured "complete paper" focusing on one of the most central topics in their 7th and 8th-grade editions: The Transformation of Russia: The Reforms of Peter I I. Introduction 1721 (after the Treaty of Nystad)