Platon - Devlet -

The philosopher’s duty is to return to the cave to guide others, even though they may be met with resistance. The Decay of Regimes

The dialogue begins with a search for a definition of justice. Socrates rejects traditional views—such as returning what is owed or helping friends while harming enemies—and instead argues that . In his view, a just individual is one whose soul is balanced, mirroring the structure of a just state. The Three Classes of the Ideal State Platon - Devlet

Farmers, artisans, and merchants who provide for the city's physical needs. The philosopher’s duty is to return to the

Plato also provides a psychological and political analysis of how states decline. He ranks five types of government from best to worst: In his view, a just individual is one

To define justice on a larger scale, Plato describes a hypothetical city divided into three distinct classes, each corresponding to a part of the human soul:

The philosopher is the one who breaks free, exits the cave, and sees the sun (the truth).

A state is "just" when each class performs its specific function without interfering with the others. The Role of Education and the "Cave"