Smoking rates among transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) adults are notably high, with this population being twice as likely to smoke cigarettes as cisgender individuals. This disparity is often attributed to , which includes the psychological and physiological impacts of discrimination, stigma, and lack of gender affirmation. Health Risks and Hormone Therapy
Research highlights several factors that contribute to higher tobacco use within the TGD community:
: Smoking while taking estrogen as part of gender-affirming hormone therapy significantly increases the risk of blood clots, strokes, and heart attacks. trannies smoking
Conversely, positive steps toward transition can have a protective effect. For example, a change in legal gender markers or undergoing desired surgeries is associated with lower odds of tobacco use. Specialized support programs are available through organizations like the Center for Addiction and Mental Health to help TGD individuals face substance use challenges in a safe environment. Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy (GAHT)
For transgender individuals, smoking introduces specific medical complications beyond general health risks: Conversely, positive steps toward transition can have a
: Many healthcare providers require patients to stop using nicotine—including smoking, vaping, and chewing tobacco—well before undergoing gender-affirming surgeries to ensure proper healing and reduce surgical risks. Factors Influencing Smoking Rates
: High rates of smoking are consistently linked to victimization and felt stigma. combined with tobacco use
: Minority stress, combined with tobacco use, can lead to arterial stiffening and endothelial dysfunction, elevating the risk of cardiovascular disease.